Como criar stage4 do seu Gentoo
Um dos grandes problemas do Gentoo, é o tempo de instalação. Se tivermos alguma falha de hardware, esse processo doloroso será inevitável. Uma forma simples de evitar esse transtorno é criar o stage4 de sua instalação, a restauração é simples, como o descompressão do tar do stage3. Aliás, o processo é bem parecido com essa parte inicial da instalação, seu stage já virá com tudo compilado para seu sistema e o kernel prontinho para usar.
[ Hits: 7.607 ]
Por: Demian de Carvalho em 25/05/2015
#!/bin/bash # Backup script for Gentoo Linux # # mkstage4.sh is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # mkstage4.sh is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # Copyright: Reto Glauser aka blinkeye # Mailto: stage4 at blinkeye dot ch # Homepage: http://blinkeye.ch # Forum post: http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-312817.html # Date: 2009-04-02 version=v3.7 basename=`basename $0` find=/usr/bin/find tar=/bin/tar # these are the commands we actually need for the backup command_list=(cut date echo $find grep hostname mount sh split $tar umount uname which) # verify that each command we use exists. if one can't be found use $PATH and make a suggestion if possible. for command in ${command_list[@]}; do if [ ! -x "`which $command 2>&1`" ]; then echo -e "\nERROR: $command not found! " base=`basename $command` if [ "`which $base 2>&1 | grep "no \`basename $command\` in"`" != "" ]; then echo -e "ERROR: $base is not in your \$PATH." fi exit -1 fi done help="\nUsage:\n\nsh `basename $0` [[-v]|[--verbose]] [[-s]|[--split]] \n\nTo run the script NOT in verbose mode comes in handy if you want to see only the errors that occur during the backup.\n" # Defaults to creating one tarball tar_output="--file" # split command split_options="--suffix-length=1 --bytes=685m" # options for the tar command tarOptions=" --preserve-permissions --create --absolute-names --totals --ignore-failed-read" # where to put the stage4 stage4Location=/mnt/backups/stage4 # name prefix stage4prefix=`hostname`-stage4-`date +\%Y.\%m.\%d` # patterns which should not be backed up (like iso files). # example: default_exclude_pattern="*.iso *.divx" # These pattern count only for files NOT listed in the $custom_include_list. default_exclude_pattern="" # these files/directories are always excluded. don't add trailing slashes. # don't touch it unless you know what you are doing! # /var/db and /var/cache/edb are intentionally added here. they are listed # in $default_include_folders default_exclude_list=" /dev /lost+found /mnt /proc /sys /tmp /usr/portage /usr/src /var/log /var/tmp /var/db /var/cache/edb $stage4Location `echo $CCACHE_DIR`" # files/devices/folders, which need to be backed up (preserve folder structure). # don't touch it unless you know what you are doing! no recursive backup of folders. # use $default_include_folders instead. default_include_files=" /dev/null /dev/console /home /mnt `find /mnt -name .keep` /proc /sys /tmp /usr/portage /usr/src /var/log/emerge.log /usr/src/linux-`uname -r`/.config" # folders, which need to be backed up recursively on every backup. # don't touch it unless you know what you are doing! the reason for this # variable is that some users add /var to the $default_exclude_list. here # we ensure that portage's memory is backed up in any case. default_include_folders=" /var/db" # IMPORTANT: A minimal backup will EXCLUDE files/folders listed here. A custom backup will # include/exclude these files/folders depending on your answer. custom_include_list=" /home/* /usr/src/linux-`uname -r`" # add files/folders here which are subfolders of a folder listed in $custom_include_list which should NOT # be backed up. eg. #custom_exclude_list="/home/foo/mp3 /home/foo/downloads /home/foo/.*" custom_exclude_list="" # Only files/folders within the $custom_include_list are checked against these patterns # custom_exclude_pattern="*.mp3 *.iso" custom_exclude_pattern="" # the find_command find_command="$find /*" # don't backup anything which matches pattern listed in $default_exclude_pattern for pattern in $default_exclude_pattern; do find_command="$find_command -not -name $pattern" done # assemble the find_command function find_files() { for folder in $default_exclude_list; do find_command="$find_command -path $folder -prune -o" done find_command="$find_command -print" for i in $default_include_files; do find_command="echo $i; $find_command" done for i in $default_include_folders; do if [ -d $i ]; then find_command="$find $i; $find_command" else find_command="echo $i; $find_command" fi done } # check the exclude/include variables for non-existing entries function verify() { for i in $1; do if [ ! -e "`echo "$i" | cut -d'=' -f2 | cut -d'*' -f1`" -a "$i" != "/lost+found" -a "$i" != "$stage4Location" ]; then echo "ERROR: `echo "$i" | cut -d'=' -f2` not found! Check your "$2 exit 0 fi done } # check input parameters while [ $1 ]; do case $1 in "-h" | "--help") echo -e $help exit 0;; "-v" | "--verbose") verbose=$1;; "-s" | "--split") tar_output="--split";; "");; *) echo -e $help exit 0;; esac shift done echo "" # check folder/files listed in $default_exclude_list exist verify "$default_exclude_list" "\$default_exclude_list" # check files listed in $default_include_files exist verify "$default_include_files" "\$default_include_files" # check folder listed in $default_include_folders exist verify "$default_include_folders" "\$default_include_folders" #check folder listed in $custom_include_list exist verify "$custom_include_list" "\$custom_include_list" #check folder listed in $custom_exclude_list exist verify "$custom_exclude_list" "\$custom_exclude_list" # print out the version echo -e "\nBackup script $version" echo -e "==================" # how do you want to backup? echo -e "\nWhat do you want to do? (Use CONTROL-C to abort)\n Fast (tar.gz): (1) Minimal backup (2) Interactive backup Best (tar.bz2): (3) Minimal backup (4) Interactive backup\n" while [ "$option" != '1' -a "$option" != '2' -a "$option" != '3' -a "$option" != '4' ]; do echo -en "Please enter your option: " read option done case $option in [1,3]) stage4Name=$stage4Location/$stage4prefix-minimal.tar;; [2,4]) stage4Name=$stage4Location/$stage4prefix-custom.tar for folder in $custom_include_list; do echo -en "\nDo you want to backup" `echo "$folder" | cut -d'=' -f2`"? (y/n) " read answer while [ "$answer" != 'y' -a "$answer" != 'n' ]; do echo -en "Do you want to backup" `echo "$folder" | cut -d'=' -f2`"? (y/n) " read answer done if [ "$answer" == 'n' ]; then find_command="$find_command -path $folder -prune -o" else custom_find="$find $folder" for i in $custom_exclude_pattern; do custom_find="$custom_find -name $i -o" done for i in $custom_exclude_list; do custom_find="$custom_find -path $i -prune -o" done find_command="$custom_find -print; $find_command" fi done ;; esac # add $custom_include_list to the $default_exclude_list as we assembled # $custom_find with $custom_include_list already. default_exclude_list="$default_exclude_list $custom_include_list" case $option in [1,2]) stage4postfix="gz" zip="--gzip";; [3,4]) stage4postfix="bz2" zip="--bzip2";; esac # mount boot echo -e "\n* mounting boot" mount /boot >/dev/null 2>&1 # find the files/folder to backup find_files find_command="($find_command)" # create the final command if [ "$tar_output" == "--file" ]; then tar_command="$find_command | $tar $zip $tarOptions $verbose --file $stage4Name.$stage4postfix --no-recursion -T -" else tar_command="$find_command | $tar $zip $tarOptions $verbose --no-recursion -T - | split $split_options - "$stage4Name.$stage4postfix"_" fi if [ "$verbose" ]; then echo -e "\n* creating the stage4 in $stage4Location with the following command:\n\n"$tar_command fi # everything is set, are you sure to continue? echo -ne "\nDo you want to continue? (y/n) " read answer while [ "$answer" != 'y' ] && [ "$answer" != 'n' ]; do echo -ne "Do you want to continue? (y/n) " read answer done if [ "$answer" == 'y' ]; then # check whether the file already exists. if [ "$tar_output" == "--split" ]; then overwrite="`ls "$stage4Name.$stage4postfix"_* 2>&1 | grep -v 'No such file'`" else overwrite="$stage4Name.$stage4postfix" fi if [ -a "`echo "$overwrite" | grep "$overwrite" -m1`" ]; then echo -en "\nDo you want to overwrite $overwrite? (y/n) " read answer while [ "$answer" != 'y' ] && [ "$answer" != 'n' ]; do echo -en "Do you want to overwrite $overwrite? (y/n) " read answer done if [ "$answer" == 'n' ]; then echo -e "\n* There's nothing to do ... Exiting" exit 0; fi fi # if necessary, create the stage4Location if [ ! -d "$stage4Location" ] ; then echo "* creating directory $stage4Location" mkdir -p $stage4Location fi echo -e "\n* Please wait while the stage4 is being created.\n" # do the backup. sh -c "$tar_command" # finished, clean up echo -e "\n* stage4 is done" echo "* umounting boot" umount /boot >/dev/null 2>&1 # Integrity check echo -e "* Checking integrity" if [ "$zip" == "--gzip" ]; then zip="gzip" else zip="bzip2" fi if [ "$tar_output" == "--split" ]; then if [ "`cat "$stage4Name.$stage4postfix"_*"" | $zip --test 2>&1`" != "" ]; then echo -e "* Integrity check failed. Re-run the script and check your hardware." exit -1 fi else if [ "`$zip --test $stage4Name.$stage4postfix 2>&1`" != "" ]; then echo -e "* Integrity check failed. Re-run the script and check your hardware." exit -1 fi fi # everything went smoothly echo -e "* Everything went smoothly. You successfully created a stage4." else echo -e "\n* There's nothing to do ... Exiting" fi
TimeShift - Restaure seu Linux com eficiência
Aumentando Resize (Tamanho) do HD Virtual VMDK - Debian 8 Jessie
Clonezilla - Gerando e restaurando backups completos (Parte I)
Já fez seu "BACKUP" hoje? Não? Então vamos conversar sobre isso
Compartilhando a tela do Computador no Celular via Deskreen
Como Configurar um Túnel SSH Reverso para Acessar Sua Máquina Local a Partir de uma Máquina Remota
Configuração para desligamento automatizado de Computadores em um Ambiente Comercial
Efeito "livro" em arquivos PDF
Como resolver o erro no CUPS: Unable to get list of printer drivers
Flatpak: remover runtimes não usados e pacotes
Mudar o gerenciador de login (GDM para SDDM e vice-versa) - parte 2
Estou com sede em aprender sobre o nosso querido Linux. (1)
big linux sem audio como resolver (2)
Como faz para dar um update-grub por shell script [RESOLVIDO] (3)
[Python] Automação de scan de vulnerabilidades
[Python] Script para analise de superficie de ataque
[Shell Script] Novo script para redimensionar, rotacionar, converter e espelhar arquivos de imagem
[Shell Script] Iniciador de DOOM (DSDA-DOOM, Doom Retro ou Woof!)
[Shell Script] Script para adicionar bordas às imagens de uma pasta